Dr. Punit Dilawari

Dr. Punit Dilawari

Ankle Replacement Surgery: Restoring Mobility and Function

Ankle replacement surgery, also known as total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), is a highly effective procedure designed to relieve pain and restore function in individuals suffering from severe ankle arthritis or other debilitating conditions.

What is Ankle Replacement Surgery?

Ankle replacement surgery involves replacing the damaged or arthritic joint surfaces of the ankle with artificial components, typically made of metal and plastic. The procedure aims to relieve pain, restore mobility, and improve the overall quality of life. Unlike ankle fusion, which eliminates joint movement, ankle replacement allows for retained joint motion, which can be beneficial for patients looking to maintain an active lifestyle.

Indications for Ankle Replacement
  • Severe ankle arthritis: Degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis can lead to joint damage, causing chronic pain and stiffness.
  • Post-traumatic arthritis: Injuries from fractures or previous surgeries can lead to arthritis and pain in the ankle joint.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune condition that can affect the ankle joint and lead to severe inflammation and damage.
  • Failed previous ankle surgery: In some cases, a previous surgery may fail to provide relief, making replacement a more viable option.
The Procedure

Ankle replacement surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia (spinal block). During the procedure, the damaged ankle joint is carefully removed and replaced with an artificial joint. The components of the artificial joint typically consist of a metal base and a plastic or metal liner, designed to mimic the natural movement of the ankle.

The surgery generally takes between 1 to 2 hours, and patients typically stay in the hospital for 1 to 2 days for monitoring and recovery.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

After ankle replacement surgery, patients will need to follow a structured rehabilitation plan to ensure proper healing and regain strength and mobility. The recovery timeline varies depending on the individual, but most patients can expect to:

  • Weight-bearing: Initially, patients will be instructed to avoid putting weight on the operated ankle for 6 to 12 weeks. Crutches or a walker will be used for support.
  • Physical therapy: Rehabilitation exercises are essential to restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion. A physical therapist will guide patients through exercises to improve mobility and function.
  • Pain management: Pain and swelling are common in the early stages of recovery, and pain management strategies, such as ice packs, medication, and elevation, will be recommended.

Most patients can return to normal activities within 6 to 12 months, although high-impact activities such as running or jumping may be limited. However, the majority of patients experience significant improvements in quality of life, with reduced pain and better overall function.

Benefits of Ankle Replacement
  • Pain relief: The primary benefit of ankle replacement surgery is the significant reduction or elimination of chronic ankle pain.
  • Improved mobility: The procedure restores motion in the ankle, allowing patients to walk, climb stairs, and perform daily activities with less discomfort.
  • Preserved joint function: Unlike ankle fusion, which eliminates joint movement, ankle replacement allows for natural joint motion.
  • Minimal scarring: The procedure typically results in smaller incisions, leading to less visible scarring and a quicker recovery.