What is Shoulder Replacement Surgery?

In shoulder replacement surgery, the damaged parts of the shoulder joint are removed and replaced with artificial components called a prosthesis. These components mimic the natural movement of a healthy shoulder, restoring function and reducing pain.

The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. Depending on the extent of damage, a partial or total replacement may be performed to restore mobility and comfort.

Types of Shoulder Replacement

• Total Shoulder Replacement (Anatomic Shoulder Arthroplasty): Both the ball and socket are replaced with artificial components.
• Reverse Shoulder Replacement: The positions of the ball and socket are reversed, typically used when rotator cuff muscles are severely damaged.
• Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty): Only the ball (humeral head) is replaced.

Who Needs Shoulder Replacement?

• Osteoarthritis: Age-related joint cartilage wear and tear.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: Inflammatory arthritis causing joint destruction.
• Post-traumatic arthritis: Arthritis following shoulder injuries or fractures.
• Severe fractures: Complex humeral head fractures that cannot be repaired.
• Rotator cuff tear arthropathy: Combined rotator cuff damage and arthritis.
• Failed previous surgeries: Unsuccessful outcomes from earlier procedures.

The Procedure

The surgery is performed under general anesthesia or nerve block anesthesia. During the operation:

• An incision is made at the front or top of the shoulder.
• Damaged cartilage and bone are carefully removed.
• Artificial components are securely placed to restore joint function.
• The incision is closed and the shoulder is stabilized.

The procedure usually takes about 1.5 to 3 hours.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

• Hospital Stay: Usually 1 to 3 days post-surgery.
• Immobilization: A sling is worn for several weeks to protect the shoulder.
• Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation starts early to regain strength and motion.
• Return to Activities: Most patients resume normal activities within 3 to 6 months.

Benefits of Shoulder Replacement